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Quantum- not just a buzz word
Traditional computing encodes information with the use of bits, that is a series of ones and zeroes. The quickly emerging field of quantum computing makes use of quantum bits, differing in nature from binary bits in that they can be ones and zeroes simultaneously. Quantum processors are still in development, but because of their massive computing potential both private industry and governments around the world are racing to champion the technology.Applications in computer science
Math and science fields would probably be the most obvious benefactors of a breakthrough in quantum computing, by enabling faster computations and more intricate modeling. A lesser known, yet equally exciting application is known as quantum metrology. By measuring small gravitational changes, this technology would enable self contained navigational systems for use in autonomous vehicles of all sorts, without the need for traditional GPS. (1)
(2) https://www.technologyreview.com/s/600715/nsa-says-it-must-act-now-against-the-quantum-computing-threat/
What's the big deal?
The National Security Administration, the agency that houses cyber security operations for the US government, has declared quantum computing a threat that governments must work to learn more about if they hope to keep their cyber ops safe. (2) While there is no immediate threat, countries like China are investing billions in research efforts that could have enormous impacts on cyber security and national defense. (1) The NSA's concern is warranted, even with no immediate danger in quantum tech, countries like China are gearing up to position themselves as leaders in quantum computing, a race the US would be best suited not losing.References
(1) https:///ww.popsci.com/chinas-launches-new-quantum-research-supercenter(2) https://www.technologyreview.com/s/600715/nsa-says-it-must-act-now-against-the-quantum-computing-threat/
Your conclusion on how the government finds quantum computing to be a threat is very interesting. Many seem to focus simply on physical threats like nuclear weapons. However, the threat that is proposed by sophisticated technological advancements is definitely real and it is important that we are prepared for what other countries might have planned for us.
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